Part Three: Transformation to Urban Industrial Capitalism
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January 2021
- Jan 22, 2021 #24 A Transformative Timeline: Transformation and Destruction Jan 22, 2021
- Jan 29, 2021 #25 Transformation is Revolutionary Jan 29, 2021
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February 2021
- Feb 5, 2021 #26 Transformation and Western Social Science Feb 5, 2021
- Feb 12, 2021 #27 The French Revolution, Napoleon and the Beginnings of Transformation Across Europe Feb 12, 2021
- Feb 19, 2021 #28 War, Revolution and the Struggle for European Domination 1750 to 1815: Conditions for Industrial Transformation in Europe Feb 19, 2021
- Feb 26, 2021 #29 European Transformation and World Power Feb 26, 2021
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March 2021
- Mar 5, 2021 #30 The Revolution in Haiti Mar 5, 2021
- Mar 12, 2021 #31 Britain and the 19th Century Mar 12, 2021
- Mar 19, 2021 #32 Industrialisation and Technological Transformation Mar 19, 2021
- Mar 26, 2021 #33 Finance, Banking and the Gold Standard: a Privatised National Money Market Mar 26, 2021
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April 2021
- Apr 1, 2021 #34 Catching Up and Falling Behind Apr 1, 2021
- Apr 9, 2021 #35 Monopoly Cartels: Concentration of Capital Apr 9, 2021
- Apr 16, 2021 #36 Industrialisation: the USA and Germany Apr 16, 2021
- Apr 23, 2021 #37 Colonisation Renewed: The Struggle for Global Dominance in the 19th Century Apr 23, 2021
#37 Colonisation Renewed: The Struggle for Global Dominance in the 19th Century
Before 1815, there had been no global world power. Today in the 21st century we have become used to living with a single dominant power. We are so used to this fact that no one questions it. It is possible that ancient China might have decided to become such a power; she had the technical shipbuilding knowledge, but she showed no interest. A world power needed a superior military force, a vibrant economy to support its military might, a navy able to travel across the world, and some purpose that encompassed the world.
#35 Monopoly Cartels: Concentration of Capital
Monopoly or oligopoly exists when a very small number of huge enterprises dominate a marketplace. The chartered companies established in Europe in the late 16th century and continuing through to the end of the 19th were privatised monopoly companies, which allowed shareholding from outside wealthy individuals. The old feudal system had also created monopolies through land use, in feudal land tenure systems. Colonies created monopolies for the invading country. A colonial power had monopoly importing and exporting rights.
#32 Industrialisation and Technological Transformation
Industrialisation during the 19th century historically changed the world for all the people living in France Holland the UK and the USA; by the end of the century city living and industrial work had become the new normal. Japan and Germany followed in the 2nd half of the century. At the beginning in 1800, the world’s populations had been predominantly rural: by 1900 one hundred years later the few wealthy independent European and American nations had become mainly urban. The processes of manufacture and transport had vitally altered everyone’s lives. Even the understanding of time itself had been altered.
#31 Britain and the 19th Century
The growth of 19th century manufacturing was built on the back of Enslaved People, the taxes of Indian peasants and the subsequent impoverishment of the Indian peoples. Enslaved peoples provided cotton, the raw material, from which industrial textile manufacturing became the leading product of the industrial revolution. The money derived from Indian taxpayers became the backbone of the City of London.